Below is
a list of the steps that are usually involved in developing a quality lesson
plan as well as a description of what each component should be. They will be
listed in 10 of the best points.
1. The
first thing that you will have to consider, obviously, is what you want to
teach. This should be developed based upon your state or local school
standards. You also need to be aware of what grade level you are developing the
lesson plan for, as well as record a time estimate for your lesson plan to help
you to better budget your time.
2. If you
want to make sure that your lesson plan will teach exactly what you want it to,
then you will need to develop clear and specific objectives at the start. You
must note that these objectives should not be activities that will be used in
the lesson plan. Rather, they should be the learning outcomes of those
activities.
3. You
would probably find out exactly what materials you are going to use later,
however, they should be shown early in your lesson plan. This way, if someone
else decided to start using your lesson plan, they would know in advance what
materials would be required.
4. You
may also want to write out an Anticipatory Set, which would be a great way to
lead into the lesson plan and develop the students' interest in learning what
you are getting ready to teach. A good example deals with a lesson on
fractions. The teacher could start by asking the students how they would divide
up a pizza to make sure each of their 3 friends got an equal amount of pie, and
tell them that they can do this if they know how to work with fractions.
5. At
this point you need to write the step-by-step procedures that will be performed
to reach each of the above mentioned objectives. These don't have to involve
every little thing that the teacher will say and do, but they should list the
relevant actions that the teacher needs in order to perform them.
6. After
the above mentioned procedures have been completed, you may want to provide
your students with time for independent practice. For the example of above,
students could be given some time to add different numbers of unifix cubes
together that a partner would provide them with.
7. Just
before you start moving on to the assessment phase you should be prepared to
create some sort of closure for the lesson plan. A good idea for this is to
return to your anticipatory set, for example, you can ask students how they
would divide up that pie now that they know how to work with fractions (check
step 4).
8. Now
you want to write your assessment/evaluation. Many lesson plans don't really
need them, but most of them should have some sort of evaluation of whether or
not the objectives were reached. The key to doing this is to make sure that the
assessment specifically measures whether the objectives were reached or not.
9. You
should make different directions for students with learning disabilities and
extensions for others. Examples of this would be adding 1 unifix cube to 1
unifix cube for students with learning disabilities and adding 9 unifix cubes
to 13 unifix cubes for the more advanced students and somewhere in between for
everyone else.
This is
most effective when you use specific adaptations for specific students to take
into account their individual differences.
10. It's
a really good idea for you to include a “Connections” section, which really
shows how the lesson plan could be integrated with other subjects. An example
of this would be to have students paint 2 oranges, then 3 more oranges below
them, etc. so that they can learn how to integrate Art into the lesson plan.
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